Deja Perkins
The Geospatial Urban Birder
My Research Interests
I use participatory science and geospatial tools to help understand problems within the complex social-ecological system that are cities. My research interests range from human-wildlife conflict, landscape/use change, climate change, phenology asynchrony, and science policy. I am interested in the historical societal structures that influence where wildlife is currently found in cities and the present-day policies that will impact where wildlife is found in the future. Cities are constantly changing as humans modify the built environment to adapt for the future. Variables such as human migration within cities; built environments changing to adapt to climate change; shifting communities; residential and commercial yard management; vacant lots; rezoning and gentrification; all have the potential to impact where birds and other wildlife are found within cities. I am interested in using geographic information systems to look at past, and current patterns to help plan for cities that are sustainable, resilient to climate change, and mutually beneficial for people and wildlife.
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Urban Ecology
Urban ecology is the study of ecological processes in urban environments. Cities are complex ecological systems because the human element controls a large proportion of how cities function. Cities need to be studied not just for the harmful effects of people on wildlife and the environment, but also on ways that cities can be mutually beneficial for people and wildlife. Greenspaces within urban environments serve as ecological oases for wildlife that have adapted to live in cities, as well as for migratory bird populations. Many birds and other urban wildlife also use front and backyards as habitat, and depending on the city, residential yards can make up a large portion of the green habitat matrix in urban areas. However studies have shown that present day greenspaces are not equally managed across all socioeconomic gradients. Many historical systemic structures, such as redlining, have contributed to this unequal distribution of greenery, and therefore habitat, across the urban matrix. I am interested in understanding how this unequal spatial distribution, management and investment impacts people and wildlife occupying urban spaces.
Birds and Community
Birds are a great focal species for studying the relationship between people and the environment. Birds can be found on every continent, which allows people to study them on an individual basis (residential yards), community basis (within local parks and greenways), and across multiple cities, making them an excellent focal species for multi-city comparisons and understanding differences within and between cities. Birds are wildlife that can connect all people no matter their age or ethnicity. Globally people are interested in watching and protecting birds through both individual actions and policy. This makes birds a great focal species for community engagement and community science projects with the additional benefit of broadening participation in science and communicating research with the public.
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Geospatial Analytics
I am currently (2021-2025) pursuing my PhD in Geospatial Analytics at North Carolina State University's Center for Geospatial Analytics. Geospatial Analytics is an intersection of Data Science and Geographic Information Systems. I use geospatial analytics to examine spatial data gaps in large-scale participatory environmental monitoring projects (eBird, iNaturalist, CoCoRHAS, Christmas Bird Count etc). I investigate spatial bias in project participation and its impact on our understanding of nature in urban areas. My work showcases how the lack of project participation, and as a result, the lack of data in high-density and majority BIPOC neighborhoods impact our understanding of conservation and management needs in cities.
My Publications
6. Allf, B, Perkins, D., Bai, J., Cooper. CB. Participatory Science in the Field of Ornithology. Chapter in New Perspectives in Ornithology. Oxford University Press. In Press.
5. Carlen, E. J., Estien, C. O., Caspi, T., Perkins, D., Goldstein, B. R., Kreling, S. E. S., Hentati, Y., Williams, T. D., Stanton, L. A., Des Roches, S., Johnson, R. F., Young, A. N., Cooper, C. B., & Schell, C. J. (2024). A framework for contextualizing social-ecological biases in contributory science data. People and Nature, 6, 377–390. https://doi. org/10.1002/pan3.10592
4. Perkins, D., Nichols, L., Dunn, R. Considerations for using Participatory Science in Urban Biodiversity Research. Chapter in Urban Biodiversity and Equity Conservation, Management, and Environmental Justice in Cities. Oxford University Press. In Press.
3. Grade AM, Chan NW, Gajbhiye P, Perkins DJ, Warren PS (2022) Evaluating the use of semi-structured crowdsourced data to quantify inequitable access to urban biodiversity: A case study with eBird. PLOS ONE 17(11): e0277223. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0277223
2. Mahmoudi, D., Hawn, C. L., Henry, E. H., Perkins , D. J., Cooper, C. B., & Wilson, S.
M. (2022). Mapping for Whom? Communities of Color and the Citizen Science Gap. ACME: An International Journal for Critical Geographies, 21(4), 372–388.
1. Terpin, B., Perkins, D., Richter, S., Leavey, J. K., Snell, T. W., & Pierson, J. A. (2019). A scientific note on the effect of oxalic acid on honey bee larvae. Apidologie, 50(3), 363-368.​
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Suggested Reads
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The Ecological and Evolutionary Consequences of Systemic Racism in Urban Environments. Publication
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Elevate, don’t assimilate, to revolutionize the experience of scientists who are Black, Indigenous and people of colour. Publication
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This is a book for people who love birds by Danielle Bellany
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Been Outside: Adventures of Black Women, Nonbinary, and Gender Nonconforming People in Nature Edited by Amber Wendler, Shaz Zamore, Carolyn Finney (Foreword by)
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